Determination of Emulsion Stability Properties by Lumisizer of Water Miscible Metalworking Fluids Prepared with Emulsifiers of Different Structures

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Determination of Emulsion Stability Properties by Lumisizer of Water Miscible Metalworking Fluids Prepared with Emulsifiers of Different Structures

Metalworking fluids (MWFs) are widely used in many industrial metalworking operations to reduce heat and friction and remove metal chips. Conventional oil-based MWFs are produced as concentrates to be used by diluting 3 - 15% with water. Resulting from the heat transfer properties of water are much better than oil, soluble MWFs have higher cooling capacity and can also benefit from the lubricating properties of oil. Emulsion stability is key to metalworking fluid (MWF) usefulness. In the metalworking industry, emulsifiable lubricant and semi-synthetic fluids contain emulsifiers. Emulsifiers are surface active agents that are required to facilitate ease of formation and then stabilization of the desired emulsion. The chemical structure of emulsifiers is such that they contain functional groups that are compatible with both the aqueous and oil-based phases of MWF. To obtain a stable emulsion, the selected emulsifier type must be compatible with the other chemistries used in the formulation. In this study, different non-ionic emulsifiers with chemical structure of alcohols such as C14-18, ethoxylated propoxylated, C16-18 and C18-unsatd. ethoxylated, C12-15, ethoxylated, C12-18, 7 moles ethoxylated and polyetylene glycol nonylphenyl ether were used and the stability of emulsions obtained using oil-based MWFs formulated with these emulsifiers was investigated at 60°C with Lumisizer. As a result of the study, it was determined that the emulsifier in the fatty alcohol polyglycol ether structure had the lowest stability index and creaming speed compared to other emulsifiers. Also, it was determined that the instability Index value and creaming velocity of the emulsion containing emulsifiers with alcohols, C14-18, ethoxylated propoxylated structure were lower in formulations where emulsifiers with close HLB values were used.